LegendsDave
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Reply with quote | #1 |
(This entry was moved from our old bulletin board and originally posted by HinTamaheca)
There is a photo that has surfaced a couple years ago and is believed by a few people to be a picture of Crazy Horse. (see photo below) Unfortunately, since it surfaced, it has appeared all over the place as the "definitive photo" of Crazy Horse.
However, after close investigation and study by both Indian and non-Indian experts, the "majority" opinion is that this photo is NOT Crazy Horse, but is instead a photo of an individual named No Neck.
The following are segments of an article which appeared in the November 16, 2003 issue of the Billing's Gazette in Montana.
"...historians and descendants of Crazy Horse think the claim is false. The tintype supposedly bearing the portrait of Crazy Horse is actually an image of No Neck, a chief who surrendered with Crazy Horse in 1877, said Donovin Sprague, a history instructor at Oglala Lakota College and Black Hills State University in South Dakota.
Sprague is also a descendant of Crazy Horse's mother's family and the author of a collection of historical photos, "Images of America, Cheyenne River Sioux."
"The justification they use to prove it's Crazy Horse is the very same information that was disproved 50 years ago. He's on record he did not want his photo taken," Sprague said.
"I know for a fact that a lot of our family and people didn't want their pictures taken. It was like a ghostly thing. They believed some gadget like that could capture your soul. They had a taboo against it."
Crazy Horse's great-grandson, Don Red Thunder, of Dupree, S.D., has the same view. Red Thunder said it was "crazy" to think his great-grandfather would have agreed to sit for a formal portrait for the enemy.
"He didn't trust the white man; he stayed away from any cameraman," Red Thunder said. "There were no photos taken of him."....
"...For one thing, the man in the image is standing on what appears to be tile or a large carpet. In 1877, Camp Robinson was a temporary barracks built of logs and boards. Most of the camp was dirt or plank flooring...."
"...A larger doubt, however, is cast by the fact that the photograph remained hidden for so long, Buecker said. People have been trying to find photos of Crazy Horse since the 1900s. If Hamilton had a photo of Crazy Horse, why didn't he promote it?..."
"...Crazy Horse was shot in the face by his lover's husband. Skeptics say they see neither a scar nor a drooping cheek..."
"...It's always difficult to prove identities in old photographs, said John Doerner, chief historian at the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument. Doerner, however, believes No Neck is the man in the tintype, not Crazy Horse. Doerner's opinion is based on viewing several authenticated images of No Neck...."
Therefore, in my humble opinion, there still does not exist any proven photos of Crazy Horse.
For more information on this topic, go to:
http://www.friendslittlebighorn.com/crazy-horse-photo.htm
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Trimble: What did Crazy Horse look like?
by Charles Trimble
Indian Country Today - 28 July 2005
http://www.indiancountry.com/content.cfm?id=1096411323
There has always been controversy in historical and academic circles over whether there is, or ever was, a photograph of Crazy Horse. Even on the Internet an argument raged as to the authenticity of a photo put forth by academic activist Ward Churchill at the University of Colorado and proclaimed the real thing.
No photograph claimed to be that of the great Lakota chief has ever been authenticated. And varied reasons are given as to why the great chief is supposed to have refused to allow his picture to be taken. The usual reasons, of course, are variations of Crazy Horse's reply recalled by Indian agent Valentine McGillicuddy when he urged the chief to pose for a picture: ''His invariable reply to my request was, 'My friend, why should you shorten my life by taking from me my shadow?'''
A strong case made by Tom Buecker, curator of the Fort Robinson Museum near Crawford, Neb., is that one good reason no photo was ever taken is that, for all but a short time in his life, Crazy Horse was never in the vicinity of a photographer. Right up to his death, Crazy Horse could never be called a ''hang around the fort'' type.
In Crazy Horse's time the photo equipment was bulky and the process of photography was time-consuming, from preparing the glass plates to developing the negative immediately after taking the picture. A darkroom, backdrop, supplies and other equipment had to be on hand for work, usually in a town or fort. In addition, lengthy exposure time required the subject to pose, which would have made it almost impossible for a snapshot to be taken of an unsuspecting person.
In the short time that Crazy Horse was near a photographer - near Fort Robinson after his surrender in 1877 - his renown worldwide was so great that a photographer would have made much in fame and fortune for getting a picture of him, and the photo itself would have been circulated around the world. This would negate the likelihood of a later discovery of a Crazy Horse photo in some obscure collection or of finding one that is not clearly identified as the great leader. In the only photo clearly identified as Crazy Horse, the man in the photo is much older than the famous chief (who died in his early 30s).
As for McGillicuddy's recollection of the chief's reply, Buecker notes that even though it was a moving statement, ''it is probably another piece of McGillicuddy folklore.'' The agent, who was also a physician and attended the chief in his last hours, was proud of this fact and likely would have embellished it to call attention to his association with Crazy Horse.
Although other credible sources, such as Mari Sandoz, have attributed similar reasons for his refusal as McGillicuddy's claim, Buecker's opinion seems more real. Although I am not an expert on Lakota religion or culture, I have never read or heard from a credible source of any Lakota taboo against having one's image captured by photography; certainly not fear of death. Great Sioux leaders like Sitting Bull, and even several holy men of the time, willingly posed for photographs. Red Cloud is second only to Lincoln in having his portrait done by photography. If Crazy Horse did refuse to have his picture taken, it would be more likely that he wanted to do nothing to satisfy the curiosity of whites, whom he considered mortal enemies, or that might indicate participation in an alien culture he despised.
Descriptions of Crazy Horse's facial and physical features are abundant, both from Lakotas and a few whites who knew him well. These are included in letters, transcripts of interviews and in books based on those primary sources, and all are consistent in their descriptions. These descriptions generally help disprove the claims of authors and some respected historians that any photo purported to be that of the great leader is the real thing.
Sometime prior to 1940, Oglala Lakota artist Andrew Standing Soldier rendered an ink and watercolor sketch based on descriptions of old men and women who knew Crazy Horse personally. Standing Soldier created extremely accurate portrayals of Lakota life in the 1930s and 1940s, as well as of historic events. Of his Crazy Horse portrait, relatives and close friends of the war leader reportedly pronounced it an excellent likeness.
Sketch by -- Andrew Standing Soldier
But claims still arise in new books and periodicals that some photo or other is that of Crazy Horse.
Modern depictions of Crazy Horse in movies, paintings and monuments continue to be stereotypical caricatures of what an Indian man is ''supposed to look like.'' Take, for example, the massive sculpture transforming a granite mountain in the Black Hills. The face on that mountain doesn't portray the chief's fine-featured countenance described in so many reliable sources; for one thing, the nose is a feature that would be more like that of the ancient Red Cloud in his final days than that of Crazy Horse. However, this does not demean the good intentions on the part of the Ziolkowski family and foundation of honoring so great a leader.
But as Buecker concludes in his article: ''The lack of that definitive, exact image that we hold so important, plus our not knowing where Crazy Horse is buried, adds to the mystic attraction people have of him today. But rest assured, even without a photograph, the deeds of Crazy Horse live on.''
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Charles E. Trimble is an Oglala Lakota from the Pine Ridge Reservation. He was principal founder of the American Indian Press Association in 1970 and served as executive director of the National Congress of American Indians from 1972 - '78. He is president of Red Willow Institute in Omaha, NE, and a columnist for Indian Country Today.
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Dave Alexander |
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